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The most renowned equestrian sport in Italy dates back to the beginning of the XIX century in the British countries where the horses on sale had to jump over makeshift obstacles in order to display their athletic skills.
But it was in Turin in 1902 that the “caprilliano style” was established: first coined by Federico Caprilli, a cavalry officer that created the modern horse show by renewing the riding style, working out the routine and especially acknowledging that the horse has to be encouraged and not hindered during the jump.
 
 
 
 
  Allowed at the Olympics in 1912 and mainly a military privilege, seeing the higher number of horses available, show jumping is divided into various categories:
 
 
 
Precision: there aren’t time limits, because the routine must be performed faultlessly. Who makes less mistakes wins.
 
Time: speed is essential. Who ends the show in less time wins.
 
Jump-off: both the time and the number of penalties count. The fastest and the least penalized wins.
 
Power: a maximum of 4 barrages in which obstacles are set in a progressive order.
 
Points: the points are awarded to each jumping exercise. Who makes the highest score wins.
 
 
 
The contests take place either on a grass or a sand course on which, 30 minutes before the show, 10 to 15 obstacles are set that are extendable both in height and in length and that can be seen well by the audience. They must be varied as much as possible to spur the horse’s jump, and mustn’t be either too light as to knock down easily, or too heavy as to hurt both the horse and the rider. Each obstacle is always signalled by an entirely red flag on the right and an entirely white flag on the left.  
 
The course can be walked by the rider once, on foot, before every show.
During the show the rider must prove he manages the horse perfectly by spurring it to the maximum speed, skill and power.

 
 
   
  The bell is used by the jury to communicate with the riders. It can signal: the permission to walk the course; the start; a fault; the start after an interruption and finally an elimination. If the rider doesn’t obey the bell he can be eliminated.
 
 
   
 

The score is awarded to the rider and not to both the rider and the horse.
The faults that involve a penalty are: a knock down, refusal, disobedience, fall of the horse or the rider, exceeding the time allowed, deviating from the course and finally any kind of non-authorized aid.
The penalties are conveyed either in points and in minutes/seconds (point chart A) or only in minutes/seconds (point chart C) according either to the chart in use or the special rules applied to some categories.
 
 
 
 
 

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Relax & Cavalli - Abano Terme